• 1.2.1 Steel Sheet Piling, Type [ - ] , Grade [ - ]
  • 1.2.1.1 Payment
    Payment for sheet piling quantities will be made at the applicable contract price per linear foot for furnished and installed sheet piling. Payment shall cover all cost of furnishing, handling, storing and installing piling including placing, driving, cutting holes and other materials, and work incidental thereto [except the cost of furnishing piling shall not be included in the contract price for Owner furnished piling].
  • 1.2.1.2 Measurement
    The length of sheet piling installed [and removed] will be measured to the nearest tenth of a linear foot. For installed pilings directed to be cut off before reaching the penetration depth shown, the portion cut off will be measured for payment as the difference between the total length of piling shown on the plans for that location and the length of piling installed below the point of cut-off.
  • 1.2.1.3 Unit of Measure
    Unit of measure: linear foot.
  
  
• 1.2.2 Steel Sheet Piling - Fabricated Sections, Type[-] [-] , Grade
  • 1.2.2.1 Payment
    Payment for sheet piling quantities will be made at the applicable contract price per linear foot for furnished and installed sheet piling. Payment shall cover all cost of furnishing, handling, storing and installing piling including placing, driving, cutting holes and other materials and work incidental thereto [except the cost of furnishing piling shall not be included in the contract price for Owner furnished piling].
  • 1.2.2.2 Measurement
    The length of sheet piling installed [and removed] will be measured to the nearest tenth of a linear foot. For installed pilings directed to be cut off before reaching the penetration depth shown, the portion cut off will be measured for payment as the difference between the total length of piling shown on the plans for that location and the length of piling installed below the point of cut-off.
  • 1.2.2.3 Unit of Measure
    Unit of measure: linear foot.
  
  
• 1.2.3 Steel Sheet Piling - Owner Furnished
  • 1.2.3.1 Payment
    Payment for sheet piling quantities will be made at the applicable contract price per linear foot for furnished and installed sheet piling. Payment shall cover all cost of installing piling including placing, driving, cutting holes and other materials and work incidental thereto.
  • 1.2.3.2 Measurement
    The length of sheet piling installed [and removed] will be measured to the nearest tenth of a linear foot. For installed pilings directed to be cut off before reaching the penetration depth shown, the portion cut off will be measured for payment as the difference between the total length of piling shown on the plans for that location and the length of piling installed below the point of cut-off.
  • 1.2 .3.3 Unit of Measure
    Unit of measure: linear foot.
  
  
• 1.2.4 Vinyl Sheet Piling, Type [-]
  • 1.2.4.1 Payment
    Payment for vinyl sheet piling quantities will be made at the applicable contract price per linear foot for furnished and installed vinyl sheet piling. Payment shall cover all cost of furnishing, handling, storing and installing piling including placing, driving, cutting holes and other materials and work incidental thereto [except the cost of furnishing piling shall not be included in the contract price for Owner furnished piling].
  • 1.2.4.2 Measurement
    The length of vinyl sheet piling installed [and removed] will be measured to the nearest tenth of a linear foot. For installed pilings directed to be cut off before reaching the penetration depth shown, the portion cut off will be measured for payment as the difference between the total length of piling shown on the plans for that location and the length of piling installed below the point of cut-off.
  • 1.2.4.3 Unit of Measure
    Unit of measure: linear foot.
  
  
• 1.2.5 Vinyl Sheet Piling - Fabricated Sections, Type[-]
  • 1.2.5.1 Payment
    Payment for vinyl sheet piling quantities will be made at the applicable contract price per linear foot for furnished and installed vinyl sheet piling. Payment shall cover all cost of furnishing, handling, storing and installing piling including placing, driving, cutting holes and other materials and work incidental thereto [except the cost of furnishing piling shall not be included in the contract price for Owner furnished piling].
  • 1.2.5.2 Measurement
    The length of vinyl sheet piling installed [and removed] will be measured to the nearest tenth of a linear foot. For installed pilings directed to be cut off before reaching the penetration depth shown, the portion cut off will be measured for payment as the difference between the total length of piling shown on the plans for that location and the length of piling installed below the point of cut-off.
  • 1.2.5.3 Unit of Measure
    Unit of measure: linear foot.
  
  
• 1.2.6 Vinyl Sheet Piling - Owner Furnished
  • 1.2.6.1 Payment
    Payment for vinyl sheet piling quantities will be made at the applicable contract price per linear foot for installed vinyl sheet piling. Payment shall cover all cost of installing piling including placing, driving, cutting holes and other materials and work incidental thereto.
  • 1.2.6.2 Measurement
    The length of vinyl sheet piling installed [and removed] will be measured to the nearest tenth of a linear meter foot. For installed pilings directed to be cut off before reaching the penetration depth shown, the portion cut off will be measured for payment as the difference between the total length of piling shown on the plans for that location and the length of piling installed below the point of cut-off.
  • 1.2.6.3 Unit of Measure
    Unit of measure: linear foot.
  
  
• 1.2.7 Cut-Offs
• 1.2.7.1 Payment
  When pilings that have not been driven to penetration depths shown are directed to be cut off by the Owner's Representative (except for cut-offs due to excessive battering), a lump sum payment will be made for cutting off each piling.
• 1.2.7.2 Measurement
  An additional sum will be paid for each linear foot of the portion cut off and measured for payment. For installed pilings directed to be cut off before reaching the penetration depth shown, the portion cut off will be measured for payment as the difference between the total length of piling shown on the plans for that location and the length of piling installed below the point of cut-off at the rate of 50 percent of the applicable contract unit price. [No payment will be made for cut-off portions of Owner furnished pilings.]
• 1.2.7.3 Unit of Measure
  Unit of measure: each and linear foot.
  
  
• 1.2.8 Splices
• 1.2.8.1 Payment
  Payment will be made for each piling spliced at the direction of the Owner’s Representative in order to drive the piling to a depth greater than shown and extend the pile to the required top elevation. An additional sum will be paid for each linear foot of the piling extension at the applicable contract unit price.
• 1.2.8.2 Measurement
  Splices will be measured for payment for each piling spliced.
• 1.2.8.3 Unit of Measure
  Unit of measure: each.
  
  
• 1.2.9 Pulled Pilings
  • 1.2.9.1 Payment
    Contractor furnished pilings that have been installed and pulled at the direction of the Owner’s Representative and are found to be in good condition, will be paid for at the applicable contract unit price for furnishing and installing the pilings in their initial position plus an equal amount for the cost of pulling.
  • 1.2.9.2 Measurement
    When pulled pilings are redriven, an additional amount -- equal to 50 percent of the applicable contract unit price for furnishing and driving the pilings -- will be paid for redriving the pilings. This additional price constitutes payment for redriving only. The cost of furnishing, initial driving, and pulling the pilings is to be paid as specified.
  1. Owner furnished pilings that are pulled at the direction of the Owner’s Representative and found to be in good condition will be paid for at the applicable contract unit price for installing the pilings in their initial position plus an equal amount for the cost of pulling. The piling when redriven, will be paid for at the applicable contract unit price for initially installing the pilings.
  2. When pilings are pulled and found to be defective, no payment will be made for the initial furnishing and driving of the pilings. Pilings replacing the damaged pilings will be paid for at the applicable contract unit prices. No payment will be made for furnishing or pulling the damaged piling.
  • 1.2.9.3 Unit of Measure
    Unit of measure: each.
  
  
• 1.2.10 Removal of Sheet Pilings
• 1.2.10.1 Payment
  Payment will be made for costs associated with removal of sheet pilings. Payment shall cover cost of pulling, cleaning the interlock, sorting, inventorying, and storing.
• 1.2.10.2 Measurement
  Removal of sheet piling will be made at the applicable contract price per linear foot for the removal of sheet pilings.
• 1.2.10.3 Unit of Measure
  Unit of measure: linear foot.

SD-02 Shop Drawings

Metal and Vinyl Sheet Piling "O"
Detail drawings for sheet piling, including fabricated sections, shall show complete piling dimensions and details, driving sequence, and location of installed piling. Detail drawings shall include dimensions of templates and other temporary guide structures for installing piling. Detail drawings shall provide the method of handling piling to prevent permanent deflection, distortion or damage to piling interlocks.

Driving
Records of the sheet piling driving operations shall be submitted after driving is completed. These records shall provide a system of identification which shows the disposition of approved piling, driving equipment performance data, piling penetration rate data, piling dimensions, and top and bottom elevations of installed piling. [The format for driving records shall be as directed.]

SD-03 Product Data

Pile Driving Equipment; "O"
Complete descriptions of sheet piling driving equipment including hammers, [jetting equipment,] extractors, protection caps, and other installation appurtenances shall be submitted for approval prior to commencement of work.

Pulling and Redriving; "O"
The proposed method of pulling and redriving sheet piling shall be submitted and approved prior to pulling any piling.

Interlocked Joint Strength in Tension Test; "O"

The procedure for testing sheet piling interlocked joint strength in tension shall be submitted and approved prior to testing piling.

SD-06 Test Reports

Material Test Reports;
Certified material test reports showing that sheet piling and appurtenant metal materials meet the specified requirements shall be submitted for each shipment and identified with specific lots prior to installing materials. Material test reports shall meet the requirements of ASTM A 6/A 6M.

• 3.1.1 Pile Driving Equipment
  Pile driving equipment shall conform to the following requirements.
• 3.1.1.1 Driving Hammers
  Hammers shall be [steam, air, diesel] drop, [single-acting, double-acting, differential-acting, vibratory] type. The driving energy of the hammers shall be between [ ] and [ ] foot-pounds as recommended by the manufacturer for the piling weights and subsurface materials to be encountered.
• 3.1.1.2 Jetting Equipment
  Jetting equipment shall have a mimimu of two removable or fixed jets of the water or be a combination of air a water type. The water jets shall be designed so that the discharge volume and pressure are sufficient to freely erode the material under and adjacent to the piling.
  
  
• 3.1.2 Placing and Driving
• 3.1.2.1 Placing
  Any excavation required within the area where sheet pilings are to be installed shall be completed prior to placing the sheet pilings. [Pilings to be placed in cofferdam cells and connecting arcs shall be picked up and completely threaded to demonstrate that they slide freely in interlock.] Pilings shall be carefully located as [shown, directed.] Pilings shall be placed plumb with out-of-plumbness not exceeding 1/8 inch per foot of length and true to line. Temporary wales, templates, [master pilings] [current deflectors] or guide structures shall be provided to insure that the pilings are placed and driven to the correct alignment. At least two templates shall be used in placing each piling and the maximum spacing of templates shall not exceed 20 feet. [Master pilings shall be used to maintain plumbness and proper configuration in placing cofferdam cells over 90 feet in height or in water flowing at a velocity of more than four feet per second.] Pilings properly placed and driven shall be interlocked throughout their length with adjacent pilings to form a continuous diaphragm throughout the length or run of piling wall.
  
• 3.1.2.2 Driving
  [Prior to driving pilings in water, a horizontal line shall be painted on both sides of each piling at a fixed distance from the bottom so that it shall be visible above the water line after installation. This line shall indicate the profile of the bottom elevation of installed pilings and potential problem areas can be identified by abrupt changes in its elevation.] Pilings shall be driven with the proper size hammer and by approved methods to ensure no damage to the piles and proper interlocking throughout their lengths. Driving hammers shall be maintained in proper alignment during driving operations by the use of leads or guides attached to the hammer. [Caution shall be taken in the sustained use of vibratory hammers when a hard driving condition is encountered to avoid interlock-melt or damages. The use of vibratory hammers should be discontinued and impact hammers employed when the penetration rate due to vibratory loading is one foot or less per minute.] A protecting cap shall be employed during driving when using impact hammers to prevent damage to the tops of pilings. Pilings damaged during driving or driven out of interlock shall be removed and replaced at the Contractor's expense.
  
  [Owner furnished pilings damaged during driving shall be stored at the site as directed.] Pilings shall be driven without the aid of a water jet [unless otherwise authorized]. [Authorized jetting shall be performed on both sides of the pilings simultaneously and must be discontinued at least [-]feet before final seating of pilings.] Adequate precautions shall be taken to insure that pilings are driven plumb. If the forward or leading edge of the piling wall is found to be out-of-plumb, the piling being driven shall be driven to the required depth and tapered pilings shall be driven to interlock with the out-of-plumb leading edge. If approved, other corrective measures may be taken to insure the plumbness of succeeding pilings. The maximum permissible taper for any tapered piling shall be 1/8 inch per foot of length.

Pilings in each run or continuous length of piling wall shall be driven alternately, in increments of depth, to the required elevation. No piling shall be driven to a lower elevation than those behind it in the same run, except when the pilings behind it cannot be driven deeper. [For cofferdam cells the driving increments shall be such that no piling leads the adjacent piling by more than [-] feet and the direction of advancing the driving hammer shall be reversed after each pass around the cell.] If the piling next to the one being driven tends to follow below final elevation, it may be pinned to the next adjacent piling. If obstructions restrict driving, a piling to the specified penetration the obstructions shall be removed or penetrated with a chisel beam. If the Contractor demonstrates that removal or penetration is impractical, the Contractor shall make changes in the design alignment of the piling structure as directed to insure the adequacy and stability of the structure. Pilings shall be driven to depths shown and shall extend up to the elevation indicated for the top of pilings. [Piling driver to rock shall be seated individually on the rock.] A tolerance of [ ] inches above the indicated top elevation will be permitted. [At least the first two sheets of the connecting arcs adjacent to the main cells shall be driven in the cofferdam cells prior to filling the cells.] Pilings shall not be driven within 100 feet of concrete less than 7 days old.

• 3.1.3 Cutting-Off and Splicing
  Pilings driven to refusal or to the point where additional penetration cannot be attained and are extending above the required top elevation in excess of the specified tolerance shall be cut off to the required elevation. Pilings driven below the required top elevation and pilings damaged by driving and cut off to permit further driving shall be extended as required to reach the top elevation by splicing when directed at no additional cost to the Owner. [If directed, pilings shall be spliced as required to drive them to depths greater than shown and extend them up to the required top elevation.] Pilings adjoining spliced pilings shall be full-length unless otherwise approved. [If splices are allowed in adjoining pilings, the splices must be spaced at least [-] feet apart in elevation.] Splicing of pilings shall be as indicated. Ends of pilings to be spliced shall be squared before splicing to eliminate dips or camber. Pilings shall be spliced together with concentric alignment of the interlocks so that there are no discontinuities, dips, or camber at the abutting interlocks. Spliced pilings shall be free sliding and able to obtain the maximum swing with contiguous pilings. The tops of pilings excessively battered during driving shall be trimmed when directed at no cost to the Owner. Piling cut-offs [except for Owner furnished pilings] shall become the property of the Contractor and shall be removed from the site. The Contractor shall cut holes in pilings for bolts, rods, drains, or utilities as shown or as directed. All cutting shall be done in a neat and workmanlike manner. A straight edge shall be used in cuts made by burning to avoid abrupt nicks. Bolt holes in steel piling shall be drilled or may be burned and reamed by approved methods which will not damage the surrounding metal. [Bolt holes in vinyl pilings shall be drilled.] Holes, other than bolt holes, shall be reasonably smooth and the proper size for rods and other items to be inserted. [All holes in steel pilings on the wet side of cofferdams shall be made watertight by welding steel plates over the holes after the piling installation is completed.]
  
  
• 3.1.4 Inspection of Driven Piling
  The Contractor shall inspect the interlocked joints of driven pilings extending above ground. Pilings found to be out of interlock shall be removed and replaced at the Contractor's expense. [The Contractor shall use divers to inspect underwater interlocked joints of cofferdam sheet piling. Owner divers may also inspect the interlocked joints. The inspection of cofferdams shall be performed after driving is completed, prior to filling each cell and connecting arc and within 48 hours after filling each cell and arc.]
  
  
• 3.1.5 Pulling and Redriving
  In the pulling and redriving of piles, the Contractor shall pull selected pilings to determine the condition of the underground portions of pilings. Any piling pulled and found to be damaged to the extent that its usefulness in the structure is impaired shall be removed and replaced at the Contractor's expense. Pilings pulled and found to be in satisfactory condition shall be redriven when directed. [Owner furnished pilings pulled and not redriven shall be stored as directed.)

3.2 REMOVAL
The removal of sheet pilings shall consist of pulling, sorting, cleaning the interlocks, inventorying and storing previously installed sheet pilings as shown and directed.

• 3.2.1 Pulling
  The method of pulling piling must be approved. Pulling holes shall be provided in pilings as required. Extractors shall be of suitable type and size. Care shall be exercised during pulling of pilings to avoid damaging piling interlocks and adjacent construction. If the Owner’s Representative determines that adjacent permanent construction has been damaged during pulling, the Contractor will be required to repair this construction at no cost to the Owner. Pilings shall be pulled one sheet at a time. Pilings fused together shall be separated prior to pulling unless the Contractor demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Owner’s Representative that the pilings cannot be separated. The Contractor will not be paid for the removal of pilings damaged beyond structural use due to proper care not being exercised during pulling.
  
  
• 3.2.2 Sorting, Cleaning, Inventorying and Storing
  Pulled pilings shall be sorted, cleaned, inventoried and stored by type into groups as: 
        a.  Piling usable without reconditioning. 
        b.  Piling requiring reconditioning. 
        c.  Piling damaged beyond structural use.